HalfSpace, Group, Material, uv mapping, Light, Scene, diffuse lighting

.idea/scopes/Raytracing.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<component name="DependencyValidationManager">
+  <scope name="Raytracing" pattern="(!lib:*..*&amp;&amp;!test:*..*&amp;&amp;!src:*..*&amp;&amp;!file[GfxLab]:*/&amp;&amp;!ext:*/||src:xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d..*||src:xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.playground..*)&amp;&amp;!src:xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.playground.colorfunctions..*" />
+</component>

.idea/vcs.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="VcsDirectoryMappings">
+    <mapping directory="$PROJECT_DIR$" vcs="Git" />
+  </component>
+</project>

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/Hit.java

@@ -7,12 +7,18 @@ import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Vec3;
 /** Interaction of a ray with a solid.*/
 public interface Hit {
 	
-	/** The time of the hit */
+	/** The time of the hit. */
 	double t();
 	
-	/** The normal at the point of the hit */
+	/** The normal at the hit point. */
 	Vec3 n();
 	
+	/** Surface material at the hit point. */
+	Material material();
+	
+	/** 2D coordinates in the internal coordinate system of the surface. */
+	Vector uv();
+	
 	/** The normalized normal at the point of the hit */
 	default Vec3 n_() {
 		return n().normalized_();

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/Light.java

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d;
+
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Color;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Vec3;
+
+/** Point light. */
+public record Light(
+		Vec3 p,
+		Color c
+) {
+	
+	public static Light pc(Vec3 p, Color c) {
+		return new Light(p, c);
+	}
+	
+	public static Light p(Vec3 p) {
+		return pc(p, Color.WHITE);
+	}
+	
+}

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/Material.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d;
+
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Color;
+
+public record Material(
+		Color diffuse
+) {
+	public Material diffuse(Color diffuse) { return new Material(diffuse); }
+	
+	public static final Material BLACK   = new Material(Color.BLACK);
+	
+	public static Material matte (Color  c) { return BLACK.diffuse(c); }
+	public static Material matte (double k) { return matte(Color.gray(k)); }
+	public static Material matte (        ) { return matte(Color.WHITE); }
+	public static final Material MATTE = matte();
+}

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/Scene.java

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d;
+
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Color;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.List;
+
+
+public interface Scene {
+	Solid solid();
+	
+	Collection<Light> lights();
+	
+	default Color colorBackground() {
+		return Color.BLACK;
+	}
+	
+	
+	class Base implements Scene {
+		
+		protected Solid solid;
+		protected final List<Light> lights = new ArrayList<>();
+		protected final Color colorBackground = Color.BLACK;
+		
+		@Override
+		public Solid solid() {
+			return solid;
+		}
+		
+		@Override
+		public Collection<Light> lights() {
+			return lights;
+		}
+		
+		@Override
+		public Color colorBackground() {
+			return colorBackground;
+		}
+		
+	}
+	
+	
+}

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/raytracers/RayTracer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.raytracers;
+
+import xyz.marsavic.geometry.Vector;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Color;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.ColorFunctionT;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Vec3;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Ray;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Scene;
+
+
+public abstract class RayTracer implements ColorFunctionT {
+	
+	protected final Scene scene;
+
+	
+	public RayTracer(Scene scene) {
+		this.scene = scene;
+	}
+	
+	
+	protected abstract Color sample(Ray r);
+	
+	@Override
+	public Color at(double t, Vector p) {
+		Ray ray = Ray.pd(Vec3.xyz(0, 0, -2.6), Vec3.zp(1.6, p));
+		return sample(ray);
+	}
+	
+}

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/raytracers/RayTracerSimple.java

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.raytracers;
+
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Color;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Vec3;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.*;
+
+
+public class RayTracerSimple extends RayTracer {
+	
+	public RayTracerSimple(Scene scene) {
+		super(scene);
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	protected Color sample(Ray r) {
+		Hit hit = scene.solid().firstHit(r);
+		if (hit == null) {
+			return scene.colorBackground();
+		}
+		
+		Vec3 p  = r.at(hit.t());               // The hit point
+		Vec3 n_ = hit.n_();                    // Normalized normal to the body surface at the hit point
+		
+		Color lightDiffuse = Color.BLACK;      // The sum of diffuse contributions from all the lights
+		
+		for (Light light : scene.lights()) {
+			Vec3 l = light.p().sub(p);         // Vector from p to the light;
+			double lLSqr = l.lengthSquared();  // Distance from p to the light squared
+			double lL = Math.sqrt(lLSqr);      // Distance from p to the light
+			double cosLN = n_.dot(l) / lL;     // Cosine of the angle between l and n_
+			
+			if (cosLN > 0) {                   // If the light is above the surface
+				Color irradiance = light.c().mul(cosLN / lLSqr);
+				// The irradiance represents how much light is received by a unit area of the surface. It is
+				// proportional to the cosine of the incoming angle and inversely proportional to the distance squared
+				// (inverse-square law).
+				lightDiffuse = lightDiffuse.add(irradiance);
+			}
+		}
+		
+		return hit.material().diffuse().mul(lightDiffuse);
+	}
+	
+}

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/raytracers/RayTracingTest.java

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-package xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.raytracers;
-
-import xyz.marsavic.geometry.Vector;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Color;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.ColorFunctionT;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Vec3;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Hit;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Ray;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.solids.Ball;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.solids.HalfSpace;
-
-
-public class RayTracingTest implements ColorFunctionT {
-
-	Ball ball = Ball.cr(Vec3.xyz(0, 0, 2), 1);
-	HalfSpace halfSpace = HalfSpace.pn(Vec3.xyz(0, -1, 0), Vec3.xyz(0, 1, 0));
-	
-	@Override
-	public Color at(double t, Vector p) {
-		Ray ray = Ray.pq(Vec3.ZERO, Vec3.zp(1, p));
-		
-		Hit hit1 = ball.firstHit(ray);
-		Hit hit2 = halfSpace.firstHit(ray);
-		
-		double tMin = Math.min(Hit.t(hit1), Hit.t(hit2));
-		
-		return Color.gray(1.0 / (1.0 + tMin));
-	}
-	
-}

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/scene/SceneTest1.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.scene;
+
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Color;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Vec3;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Light;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Material;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Scene;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.solids.Ball;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.solids.Group;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.solids.HalfSpace;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+
+public class SceneTest1 extends Scene.Base{
+	
+	public SceneTest1() {
+		solid = Group.of(
+				Ball.cr(Vec3.xyz(0, 0, 0), 1,
+						uv -> new Material(Color.hsb(uv.x() * 6, 0.8, uv.y()))
+				),
+				HalfSpace.pn(Vec3.xyz(0, -1, 0), Vec3.xyz(0, 1, 0),
+						uv -> new Material(Color.hsb(uv.x(), 0.8, 0.8))
+				)
+		);
+		
+		Collections.addAll(lights,
+				Light.pc(Vec3.xyz(-1, 1, -1), Color.hsb(0.0, 1.0, 0.6)),
+				Light.pc(Vec3.xyz( 2, 0,  0), Color.gray(0.6)),
+				Light.pc(Vec3.xyz( 0, 0,  -2), Color.gray(0.1))
+		);
+	}
+	
+}

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/solids/Ball.java

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 package xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.solids;
 
+import xyz.marsavic.functions.interfaces.F1;
 import xyz.marsavic.geometry.Vector;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Vec3;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Hit;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Material;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Ray;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Solid;
 import xyz.marsavic.utils.Numeric;
@@ -12,21 +14,22 @@ public class Ball implements Solid {
 	
 	private final Vec3 c;
 	private final double r;
+	private final F1<Material, Vector> mapMaterial;
 	
 	// transient
 	private final double rSqr;
 	
 	
-	
-	private Ball(Vec3 c, double r) {
+	private Ball(Vec3 c, double r, F1<Material, Vector> mapMaterial) {
 		this.c = c;
 		this.r = r;
 		rSqr = r * r;
+		this.mapMaterial = mapMaterial;
 	}
 	
 	
-	public static Ball cr(Vec3 c, double r) {
-		return new Ball(c, r);
+	public static Ball cr(Vec3 c, double r, F1<Material, Vector> mapMaterial) {
+		return new Ball(c, r, mapMaterial);
 	}
 	
 	
@@ -69,6 +72,20 @@ public class Ball implements Solid {
 			return ray().at(t()).sub(c());
 		}
 		
+		@Override
+		public Material material() {
+			return Ball.this.mapMaterial.at(uv());
+		}
+		
+		@Override
+		public Vector uv() {
+			Vec3 n = n();
+			return Vector.xy(
+					Numeric.atan2T(n.z(), n.x()),
+					-2 * Numeric.asinT(n.y() / r) + 0.5
+			);
+		}
+		
 		@Override
 		public Vec3 n_() {
 			return n().div(r);

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/solids/Group.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.solids;
+
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Hit;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Ray;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Solid;
+
+import java.util.Collection;
+
+public class Group implements Solid {
+	
+	private final Solid[] solids;
+	
+	
+	private Group(Solid... solids) {
+		this.solids = solids.clone();
+	}
+	
+	public static Group of(Solid... solids) {
+		return new Group(solids);
+	}
+	
+	public static Group of(Collection<Solid> solids) {
+		return new Group(solids.toArray(Solid[]::new));
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public Hit firstHit(Ray ray, double afterTime) {
+		double minT = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+		Hit minHit = null;
+		
+		for (Solid s : solids) {
+			Hit hit = s.firstHit(ray, afterTime);
+			double t = Hit.t(hit);
+			if (t < minT) {
+				minT = t;
+				minHit = hit;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		return minHit;
+	}
+}

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/graphics3d/solids/HalfSpace.java

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 package xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.solids;
 
+import xyz.marsavic.functions.interfaces.F1;
+import xyz.marsavic.geometry.Vector;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Vec3;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.GeometryUtils;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Hit;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Ray;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.Solid;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.*;
 
 
 public class HalfSpace implements Solid {
@@ -12,6 +11,7 @@ public class HalfSpace implements Solid {
 	private final Vec3 p; // A point on the boundary plane
 	private final Vec3 e; // A vector parallel to the boundary plane.
 	private final Vec3 f; // A vector parallel to the boundary plane, not parallel to e.
+	private final F1<Material, Vector> mapMaterial;
 	
 	// transient
 	private final Vec3 n; // A normal vector to the boundary plane
@@ -20,10 +20,11 @@ public class HalfSpace implements Solid {
 	
 	
 	
-	private HalfSpace(Vec3 p, Vec3 e, Vec3 f) {
+	private HalfSpace(Vec3 p, Vec3 e, Vec3 f, F1<Material, Vector> mapMaterial) {
 		this.p = p;
 		this.e = e;
 		this.f = f;
+		this.mapMaterial = mapMaterial;
 		this.n = e.cross(f);
 		
 		n_ = n.normalized_();
@@ -37,21 +38,21 @@ public class HalfSpace implements Solid {
 	}
 	
 	
-	public static HalfSpace pef(Vec3 p, Vec3 e, Vec3 f) {
-		return new HalfSpace(p, e, f);
+	public static HalfSpace pef(Vec3 p, Vec3 e, Vec3 f, F1<Material, Vector> mapMaterial) {
+		return new HalfSpace(p, e, f, mapMaterial);
 	}
 	
 	
-	public static HalfSpace pqr(Vec3 p, Vec3 q, Vec3 r) {
-		return pef(p, q.sub(p), r.sub(p));
+	public static HalfSpace pqr(Vec3 p, Vec3 q, Vec3 r, F1<Material, Vector> mapMaterial) {
+		return pef(p, q.sub(p), r.sub(p), mapMaterial);
 	}
 	
 	
-	public static HalfSpace pn(Vec3 p, Vec3 n) {
+	public static HalfSpace pn(Vec3 p, Vec3 n, F1<Material, Vector> mapMaterial) {
 		double nl = n.length();
 		Vec3 e = GeometryUtils.normal(n).normalizedTo(nl);
 		Vec3 f = n.cross(e).normalizedTo(nl);
-		return new HalfSpace(p, e, f);
+		return new HalfSpace(p, e, f, mapMaterial);
 	}
 	
 	
@@ -113,11 +114,30 @@ public class HalfSpace implements Solid {
 			return n;
 		}
 		
+		@Override
+		public Material material() {
+			return HalfSpace.this.mapMaterial.at(uv());
+		}
+		
 		@Override
 		public Vec3 n_() {
 			return n_;
 		}
 		
+		@Override
+		public Vector uv() {
+			Vec3 b = ray().at(t()).sub(p);
+			
+			double b_e = b.dot(e) / eLSqr;
+			double b_f = b.dot(f) / fLSqr;
+			
+			return Vector.xy(
+					(b_e - b_f * f_e) / sinSqr,
+					(b_f - b_e * e_f) / sinSqr
+			);
+		}
 	}
 	
+	
 }
+

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/gui/UtilsGL.java

@@ -15,10 +15,9 @@ import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Color;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.Matrix;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.MatrixData;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.MatrixInts;
-import xyz.marsavic.resources.ResourceManagerMap;
 import xyz.marsavic.random.RNG;
+import xyz.marsavic.resources.ResourceManagerMap;
 import xyz.marsavic.time.Profiler;
-import xyz.marsavic.utils.Utils;
 
 import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
 import java.io.File;
@@ -139,13 +138,13 @@ public class UtilsGL {
 	static {
 		int p = ForkJoinPool.getCommonPoolParallelism();
 		try {
-			boolean obsRunning = false;
-			obsRunning |= ProcessHandle.allProcesses().anyMatch(ph -> ph.info().command().orElse("").contains("obs64")); // Windows
-			obsRunning |= !Utils.runCommand("top -b -n 1 | grep \" obs\"").isEmpty(); // Linux
-			obsRunning |= true;
-			if (obsRunning) {
-				p -= 3;
-			}
+//			boolean obsRunning = false;
+//			obsRunning |= ProcessHandle.allProcesses().anyMatch(ph -> ph.info().command().orElse("").contains("obs64")); // Windows
+//			obsRunning |= !Utils.runCommand("top -b -n 1 | grep \" obs\"").isEmpty(); // Linux
+//			obsRunning |= true;
+//			if (obsRunning) {
+				p = 1 + p/2;
+//			}
 		} catch (Exception e) {
 			e.printStackTrace();
 		}

src/xyz/marsavic/gfxlab/playground/GfxLab.java

@@ -4,11 +4,12 @@ import xyz.marsavic.functions.interfaces.A2;
 import xyz.marsavic.functions.interfaces.F1;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.*;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.elements.Output;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.raytracers.RayTracingTest;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.raytracers.RayTracerSimple;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.graphics3d.scene.SceneTest1;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.gui.UtilsGL;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.tonemapping.ColorTransform;
 import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.tonemapping.ToneMapping;
-import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.tonemapping.colortransforms.Identity;
+import xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.tonemapping.colortransforms.Multiply;
 
 import static xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.elements.ElementF.e;
 import static xyz.marsavic.gfxlab.elements.Output.val;
@@ -28,13 +29,15 @@ public class GfxLab {
 								e(Fs::aFillFrameColor,
 										e(Fs::transformedColorFunction,
 //												e(Blobs::new, val(5), val(0.1), val(0.2)),
-												e(RayTracingTest::new),
+												e(RayTracerSimple::new,
+														e(SceneTest1::new)
+												),
 												e(TransformationsFromSize.toGeometric, eSize)
 										)
 								),
 								e(Fs::toneMapping,
 										e(ColorTransform::asColorTransformFromMatrixColor,
-												e(Identity::new)
+												e(Multiply::new, val(1.0))
 										)
 								)
 						)
@@ -70,7 +73,7 @@ class Fs {
 	public static ToneMapping toneMapping(F1<ColorTransform, Matrix<Color>> f_ColorTransform_MatrixColor) {
 		return (input, output) -> {
 			ColorTransform f = f_ColorTransform_MatrixColor.at(input);
-			output.fill(p -> f.at(input.get(p)).code());
+			output.fill(p -> f.at(input.get(p)).codeClamp());
 		};
 	}